- Expert Moderated
In this time of information overload, an intuitively organized directory with carefully selected items is of great value to find the desired high quality information quick and efficient.
- Continuously Updated
Use the directories as a current awareness tool to keep you updated about the recent literature (reviews, books etc.), conferences, academic research groups and industrial players on the market.
- Attractively Priced
Just consider the time and effort you would spend to collect, organize and update the information, and compare it with the access fee of the specific directories.
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- Services -
Compound Collections/Libraries
http://organicworldwide.net/compoundlibraries.html
There are several millions compounds that are waiting on the shelves to be tested for specific applications (e.g. screening of biological targets). Therefore, it is important to check if the compound you need is already available before you attempt to synthesize it.
This directory helps in this search in a cost-effective way by displaying the companies that supply compound collections and conveniently listing important details such as number of compounds, possibility to download the catalogue and contact persons within the company.
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The Directory of Custom Synthesis Companies
http://organicworldwide.net/customsynthesis.html
Are you in need of particular compounds that are not listed in chemical catalogues? This directory helps in the search in a cost-effective way by displaying the companies that provide custom synthesis services on a laboratory scale.
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- Novel techniques -
Solid Phase Extraction in Organic Synthesis
http://organicworldwide.net/spe.html
Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) is widely used for the purification of small compound libraries synthezised in solution. Compared to the classic liquid-liquid extraction using the separatory funnel or
the preparative HPLC purification it offers several advantages:
- Reduced lab time
- Easy manipulation
- Lesser amount of solvent required, no disposal of large quantaties of organic solvents
- Higher concentration factor
- No problem with the miscibility of solvent
- Easy adaptable for very selective extraction
- Easy automatisation
- Avoids problems such as incomplete phase separations, less-than-quantitative recoveries and emulsion formation as encountered in liquid-liquid extractions
Reaction mixtures from parallel synthesis can easily be purified in a parallel fashion with commercially available disposable cartridges/tubes/disks and a vacuum manifold.
However, a basic knowledge is necessary of how to perform SPE extractions in a efficient way by selecting the right sorbent (from a variety of reversed, normal or ion exchange phases),
conditioning, selective washing and eluting the compounds of interest.
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Heterogeneous Catalysts
http://organicworldwide.net/catalysishetero.html
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being changed in the process. In general, there are heterogeneous, homogeneous and biological catalysts. But running a reaction under heterogeneous catalytic conditions has several advantages compared to other catalytic processes:
- Avoids formation of inorganic salts
- Regenerable
- Non-toxic
- Easy to handle
- Safe to store, long life time
- Easy and inexpensive removal from reaction mixture by filtration or centrifugation
- Tolerates a wide range of temperatures and pressures
- Easy and safe disposal
Despite all this benefits, heterogeneous catalysts are not well known among organic chemists: e.g. the average chemists in an organic chemical laboratory uses zeolites only as molecular sieves for drying solvents.
This situation is slowly changing, also due to the commercial availibility of a wide variety of (functionalized) polymeric supports for uses in combinatorial chemistry.
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Ionic Liquids in Organic Synthesis
http://organicworldwide.net/ionicliquids.html
Ionic Liquids are low melting (up to 100° C) salts and represent a new class of solvents with unusual physico-chemical properties:
- Excellent solvating properties for a wide range of organic, inorganic and polymeric material
- No measurable vapour pressure
- Non-flammability
- High thermal stability
Especially the latest generation of air and moisture stable room temperature ionic salts trigger a lot of interest as oftentimes significant enhancements in reaction rate, yield and selectivity are observed and the not measurable vapour pressure greatly reduces risk associated with traditional solvents.
This makes them suitable alternatives for the traditional molecular solvents used in organic synthesis.
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Supercritical Fluids in Organic Synthesis
http://organicworldwide.net/supercritical.html
Supercritical fluids are materials in a state above their critical temperature and critical pressure. They show unique and tunable physicochemical properties (both gaseous and liquid) and have found numerous applications in extraction, particle formation, cleaning, dyeing, etc. They are also promising alternatives for the conventional solvents used in organic synthesis as solubility, mass transfer, solvent strength, reaction kinetic can be easily manipulated by relatively small changes in operating pressure and temperature. Especially supercritical carbon dioxide and water are attractive because these reaction media are non toxic, non flammable, inexpensive and environmentally benign.
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Microwaves in Organic Synthesis
http://organicworldwide.net/microwave.html
Microwave activation as a non-conventional energy source has become a very popular and useful technology in organic chemistry.
The two major advantages are:
- Shorter reaction times
Reactions are completed within minutes (not hours or days) which results in faster protocol development or testing of creative ideas.
- Improved selectivity
Oftentimes higher yields are observed which results in easier work-up and creation of less waste.
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Solvent Removal in Organic Synthesis
http://organicworldwide.net/evaporation.html
The speed and ease of solvent removal is an important issue in organic laboratories, especially when handling a large number of samples as in parallel synthesis.
The basic configuration consists of a "moving" flask or test tube containing the solution, a condensing unit, a (chemically resistant) vacuum pomp and a recipient.
The instruments are usually categorized according the "kind of moving":
- Rotating (the classical rotovap)
- Vortexing
- Centrifuging
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- Instruments/Software -
Reaction Blocks and Workstations for Parallel Organic Synthesis
http://www.organicworldwide.net/reactionblocks.html
This directory gives an overview of the systems (no robot-arm) for organic parallel synthesis which are currently on the market. It is a useful guide for evaluation of the variety of systems if there are plans to purchase one.
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Robotarm-based Systems for Organic Synthesis
http://www.organicworldwide.net/robotarmsystems.html
The automation of synthetic organic chemistry is not an easy task. It requires a precise control of a wide range of reaction requirements, as well as handling a vast array of reagents and solvents with different compatibilities and physical characteristics.
In addition, the requirements of solid phase chemistry and solution phase chemistry are considerably different.
Key requirements of synthesis workstations are:
- High chemical performance and throughput
- Ease of operation and maintenance
- Reliability
- Cost
- Automation and integration of
- Reagent weighing/sampling
- Reagent addition
- Reaction incubation
- Work-up
- Isolation of products
- On-line analysis
The directory gives an overview of robotarm-based systems for organic parallel synthesis which are currently on the market.
It is a useful guide for evaluation of the variety of systems if there are plans to purchase one.
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Retrosynthesis Programs
http://www.organicworldwide.net/retrosynthesis.html
Organic synthesis is seen as a creative process, influenced mainly by the intuition, experience, and preparative skills of the chemists. But the amount of reaction information (new reaction types, catalysts, ligands, reagents or commercially available starting materials) is increasing steadily. Therefore, programs designed to assist the problem solving and decision making progress in organic chemistry can be very valuable in suggesting reaction schemes that may well result in a much better solution saving weeks or even months work in the laboratory.
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